Bitcoin Facts Archives

The Bitcoin Liquidity Squeeze: Why Long-Term Holders Are Reshaping the Market

December, 2025

“Markets move on liquidity, not headlines.” — DNA Crypto.

Bitcoin price headlines focus on demand. Liquidity tells the deeper story.

Over the past decade, Bitcoin’s supply has quietly become more illiquid. Coins are no longer circulating freely between exchanges and traders. They are being absorbed by long-term holders, institutions and balance sheets that do not trade frequently, if at all.

This shift is reshaping how the Bitcoin market behaves.

How Bitcoin Supply Became Increasingly Illiquid

Early Bitcoin markets were dominated by speculative trading. Coins moved rapidly between wallets, exchanges and arbitrage desks. Liquidity was high, but conviction was low.

That environment has changed. Today, a growing share of Bitcoin supply is held by entities with long-term horizons. These holders are not reacting to short-term price movements. They are building strategic positions.

DNACrypto explores this behavioural divide in The Great Bitcoin Divide, where long-term conviction separates infrastructure participants from traders.

As a result, the circulating supply continues to shrink.

The Rise of Structural Holders

Several groups now dominate Bitcoin accumulation.

– Long-term holders continue to increase their share of supply, removing coins from active circulation.
– ETFs have introduced persistent, price-insensitive demand, as analysed in Bitcoin ETFs and Beyond ETFs.
– Corporate treasuries are holding Bitcoin as balance-sheet infrastructure, not tradeable inventory, as discussed in Bitcoin Treasury 2.0.
– Sovereign-adjacent buyers and family offices increasingly treat Bitcoin as strategic reserves, explored in Family Offices Are Turning to Bitcoin and Bitcoin as Sovereign Wealth.

Each of these groups reduces available market liquidity.

Why Exchanges Hold Less Bitcoin Than Ever

Bitcoin balances on exchanges have been trending lower for years. This is not accidental.

Improved custody solutions, regulatory clarity and institutional storage standards have encouraged off-exchange holding. Investors increasingly prioritise control and security over convenience.

DNACrypto examines this custody shift in The Bitcoin Custody Game, highlighting why serious capital does not leave assets on exchanges.

Lower exchange balances mean thinner order books and sharper reactions to incremental demand.

Why Future Cycles Will Look Different

Past Bitcoin cycles were driven by rapid inflows and outflows of liquid supply. Future cycles will operate under tighter conditions.

When supply is constrained, price responds more aggressively to marginal demand. This does not eliminate volatility. It changes its nature.

DNACrypto outlines this dynamic in The 2026 Bitcoin Liquidity Shock, where supply scarcity amplifies structural moves rather than speculative spikes.

Markets become more sensitive, not more chaotic.

Volatility That Increases and Stabilises

A paradox emerges. As liquidity tightens, volatility can spike during demand surges. At the same time, long-term volatility compresses as conviction strengthens.

Bitcoin is beginning to behave less like a speculative technology asset and more like a scarce macro asset. This evolution is explored in Bitcoin Volatility and Bitcoin as Digital Gold 2.0.

Liquidity matters more than sentiment.

The DNA Crypto View

The Bitcoin Liquidity Squeeze is not a short-term phenomenon. It is structural.

Long-term holders, ETFs, corporate treasuries and sovereign-adjacent capital are steadily removing supply from circulation. This reshapes price discovery, volatility and market behaviour.

Bitcoin’s future cycles will not resemble its past. Markets that understand liquidity will lead those that chase headlines.

For broader context, see Bitcoin as Financial Infrastructure and Top Bitcoin Holders in 2025.

Image Source: Envato Stock
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal, tax or investment advice.
Register today at DNACrypto.co

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Bitcoin Is No Longer an Alternative Asset: Why Institutions Treat BTC as Infrastructure

December, 2025

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“Infrastructure is what remains when speculation fades.” — DNA Crypto.

For more than a decade, Bitcoin was labelled an “alternative asset”. That classification no longer fits reality. Institutions are no longer evaluating Bitcoin as a speculative allocation. They are integrating it as infrastructure.

This shift did not happen overnight. It followed a clear progression.
Bitcoin has evolved from an experiment to an asset to a hedge to an infrastructure.

As explored in The Great Bitcoin Divide, the market has split between those who still trade narratives and those who build systems.

From Experiment to Infrastructure

In its early years, Bitcoin was an experiment in decentralised money. Later, it became an asset class, traded and priced like a risk-on instrument. Over time, it emerged as a hedge against inflation, monetary expansion and systemic fragility.

Today, Bitcoin performs functions that sit beneath portfolios rather than alongside them. This evolution mirrors the journey of gold, which transitioned from commodity to monetary anchor.

DNACrypto traces this arc in Bitcoin as Digital Gold 2.0 and Gold and Bitcoin.

How Institutions Use Bitcoin Today

Institutions no longer ask whether Bitcoin belongs in portfolios. They ask where it belongs.

Bitcoin is now used for:

– Reserves, providing a non-sovereign, scarce asset held alongside cash and bonds
– Collateral, supporting lending and liquidity strategies
– Settlement, particularly via second-layer networks
Treasury diversification, reducing exposure to currency dilution

These use cases are analysed in Bitcoin as Sovereign Wealth, Bitcoin as Collateral and Bitcoin Treasury 2.0.

This is infrastructure behaviour, not speculative positioning.

Why ETFs Ended the “Alternative Asset” Narrative

Bitcoin ETFs did not mark the beginning of institutional adoption. They marked the end of the debate.

ETFs normalised Bitcoin within regulated investment frameworks, enabling pension funds, asset managers, and family offices to allocate to it without operational friction. Once embedded into portfolio construction models, Bitcoin stopped being “alternative”.

DNACrypto examines this transition in Bitcoin ETFs, Beyond ETFs and Bitcoin ETF vs Direct Ownership.

After ETFs, Bitcoin moved closer to treasuries and gold than to technology equities.

Europe’s Role in Accelerating the Shift

Europe is playing a decisive role in Bitcoin’s infrastructure phase. MiCA provides regulatory clarity around custody, capital requirements and institutional participation.

This clarity reduces risk for banks, funds, and corporations. It allows Bitcoin to be treated as part of the financial architecture rather than regulatory greyware.

The regulatory context is addressed in European Bitcoin Adoption and Bitcoin vs. the Digital Euro.

Why Bitcoin Now Resembles Gold and Treasuries

Bitcoin’s behaviour increasingly aligns with macro assets rather than growth equities. It reacts to monetary policy, liquidity cycles and systemic stress.

This is evident in Bitcoin Acts as Disaster-Proof Money and How Bitcoin Reacts to Global Rate Cuts.

Its role is not to outperform every quarter. It is to function reliably across decades.

The DNA Crypto View

Bitcoin is no longer competing for attention as an alternative asset. It is becoming part of the financial base layer.

Institutions treat Bitcoin as infrastructure because it performs infrastructure roles. It stores value, secures balance sheets, supports liquidity and operates independently of failing systems.

The market has already moved on. The language needs to catch up.

For further context, see Bitcoin vs Real Estate and Family Offices Are Turning to Bitcoin

Image Source: Adobe Stock
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal, tax or investment advice.
Register today at DNACrypto.co

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Sound Money for the 21st Century: Why Bitcoin Alone Matters in a World of Blockchain Hype

December, 2025

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“Bitcoin doesn’t compete with crypto. It replaces the need for it.” — DNA Crypto.

Crypto is an industry…. Bitcoin is a revolution.

– Crypto builds fast. Bitcoin builds forever.
– Crypto chases markets. Bitcoin anchors them.
– Crypto is innovation. Bitcoin is the monetary truth.

Bitcoin and crypto share tech — but not purpose.

Bitcoin: The Only Digital Asset With Monetary Finality

Bitcoin is radically different:

– No CEO
– No marketing team
– No venture capital pre-mine
– No insider allocation
– No central foundation

– Its rules are fixed.
– Its issuance is transparent.
– Its decentralisation is global and permissionless.

Bitcoin doesn’t adapt to narratives. It ends them.

Everything Else Requires Trust

Altcoins, Stablecoins, DeFi — all require belief in:

– Smart contract execution
– Project founders
– Governance teams
– Tokenomics experiments
– VC unlock schedules

As we explained in Bitcoin Isn’t Crypto — It’s the Monetary Layer, every altcoin adds complexity. Only Bitcoin removes risk.

Bitcoin doesn’t require belief in people. It involves belief in rules — and the code that enforces them.

Bitcoin as the Base Layer of Global Finance

Crypto is exploration.
Bitcoin is the endpoint.

Only one is designed to:

– Preserve value over generations
– Support sovereign treasuries
– Anchor balance sheets
– Function in hostile or fragile regimes

Bitcoin is:

– Math + Physics + Incentives
Crypto is:
– Code + Capital + Hope

As we explored in Bitcoin for Corporate Europe, institutions are not building on speculation — they’re building on certainty.

Why This Matters to Europe

Europe doesn’t need more speculation.
It needs monetary tools with:

– Regulatory clarity
– Long-term resilience
– Political neutrality

MiCA delivers that — by legally distinguishing Bitcoin from altcoins.

Across the continent, brokers, custodians, and banks are offering Bitcoin-only services. Not because of hype — but because of need.

Europe’s Quiet Bitcoin Revolution is already underway.

The Future: Bitcoin Is the Bedrock

Projects fade. Tokens die. Chains fork. Narratives shift.

Bitcoin remains.

It doesn’t chase markets — it anchors them.
It doesn’t need permission — it creates sovereignty.
It doesn’t hype its way forward — it earns trust block by block.

The future of finance won’t be built on hype.
It will be built on Bitcoin.

Image Source: Envato Stock
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal, tax, or investment advice.

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The Truth About Bitcoin: Why Crypto Isn’t a Ponzi — It’s the Future of Finance

November, 2025

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“Every revolution looks like a scam to those benefiting from the status quo.” – DNA Crypto Knowledge Base.

For years, critics have called Bitcoin a Ponzi scheme, a bubble, or a get-rich-quick fantasy.
And yet, seventeen years after Satoshi Nakamoto’s whitepaper, Bitcoin has outlasted banks, bankrupt exchanges, and billions in scepticism — emerging as one of the most resilient financial systems ever created.

In 2025, it’s clear: Bitcoin isn’t the scam.
The real deception was believing that inflationary money and opaque banking systems could last forever.

Learn more: What Is Bitcoin and Why It Matters

Myth #1: “Bitcoin Is a Ponzi Scheme”

A Ponzi scheme requires a central operator who pays returns to early investors using funds from new ones.
Bitcoin has none.

There’s no central authority, no guaranteed returns, and no entity controlling issuance.
Bitcoin runs on open-source code and decentralised consensus — anyone can verify every transaction since 2009.

If Bitcoin were a Ponzi, it would be the only transparent one in history — with public ledgers, open audits, and predictable issuance.

The real unsustainable system?
Fiat currencies are inflated by governments that print money at will, devaluing savings to sustain debt.

See: Global Impact of MiCA

Myth #2: “Bitcoin Has No Intrinsic Value”

The same was once said about the internet, email, and gold.

Bitcoin’s value isn’t physical — it’s mathematical.
It represents digital scarcity, global liquidity, and programmable ownership.

In 2025:

– Bitcoin’s market capitalization exceeds $1.6 trillion, surpassing silver.
– More than 200 million wallets hold Bitcoin globally.
– Institutional holdings account for 14% of the total supply.
– ETF inflows now exceed $65 billion.

Value in finance is trust — and Bitcoin is the first asset to prove trust mathematically rather than demand it institutionally.

Explore: Bitcoin Market Dynamics

Myth #3: “Crypto Is Only for Criminals”

This narrative has been disproven again and again.

In 2025, less than 0.34% of blockchain activity is linked to illicit use, according to Chainalysis.
By contrast, over $2 trillion in annual banking transactions involve money laundering, fraud, or tax evasion in traditional systems.

The truth is that crypto exposes crime — every transaction is traceable, every movement permanent, every record immutable.

Criminals prefer cash. Innovators prefer code.

Learn more: DeFi and MiCA Regulation.

Myth #4: “Bitcoin Will Go to Zero”

This prediction has been made more than 450 times since 2010.

And yet, Bitcoin has survived every bear market, every ban, every headline — because it’s not a company, a stock, or a government project.
It’s a global monetary protocol, supported by miners, developers, and users in 190+ countries.

In 2025, central banks are studying Bitcoin’s design as they develop their own digital currencies (CBDCs).
Far from dying, Bitcoin has become the benchmark of sound money in an age of infinite printing.

See: Crypto Custody Solutions

The Real Ponzi: Fiat Economics

The irony?
The systems calling Bitcoin a Ponzi are the ones borrowing from the future to fund the present.

Global debt has reached $320 trillion.
Currencies lose purchasing power yearly, while central banks rely on money creation to sustain short-term growth.

Bitcoin fixes this by design:

– Supply capped at 21 million coins.
– Issuance halves every four years.
– Validation distributed globally.

It’s not a Ponzi — it’s the antidote to one.

See: Institutional Bitcoin Adoption

DNA Crypto: Education Over Speculation

At DNA Crypto, we believe truth outlasts trends.
Our mission is to help institutions, corporates, and investors understand Bitcoin and digital assets — not as hype, but as the next chapter of global finance.

We deliver:

– MiCA-aligned brokerage and custody
– Market intelligence and advisory
– Educational content for institutional onboarding
– Secure, transparent access to the digital asset economy

Because the future of money shouldn’t be built on mystery — it should be built on mathematics, regulation, and integrity.

Learn more: Crypto Custody Solutions

The Bottom Line

Bitcoin isn’t a Ponzi.
It’s a revolution in truth, transparency, and accountability — the values the old system forgot.

As regulation brings clarity and institutions embrace digital assets, one thing is sure:
Crypto’s future won’t be built by hype — it’ll be built by those who understand its purpose.

At DNA Crypto, that purpose is simple: to make the future of money real.

Image Source: Adobe Stock
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal, tax, or investment advice.

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The Bitcoin Biblical Message: Truth, Trust, and the New Financial Covenant

November, 2025

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“In the beginning, there was trust. Then came proof.” – DNA Crypto Knowledge Base.

In 2025, Bitcoin continues to inspire debate that goes far beyond technology or finance.
To some, it’s an investment.
To others, it’s a modern parable — a return to fundamental principles of truth, fairness, and accountability.

When Satoshi Nakamoto mined the Genesis Block on January 3, 2009, they embedded a message taken from The Times:

“The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks.”

For believers in Bitcoin’s moral philosophy, that wasn’t just a timestamp — it was a statement of purpose.

Learn more: What Is Bitcoin and Why It Matters

Genesis and Revelation: The First Financial Testament

The Bitcoin Genesis Block marked the start of a financial story that mirrors ancient truths.
In the Old Testament, money and morality were inseparable — gold was weighty because it was scarce, silver was measured because it was honest.

Bitcoin reintroduces that ancient purity through mathematics.

Finite supply: Only 21 million Bitcoin will ever exist.
Immutability: Once a transaction is written, it cannot be undone.
Transparency: All ledgers are public, verifiable, and equal.

Just as scripture preserved moral law through words carved in stone, Bitcoin preserves economic law through code written on-chain.

“You shall have honest scales and honest weights.” – Leviticus 19:36
Bitcoin is that honest scale — the first one mankind has built in centuries.

Explore: Institutional Bitcoin Adoption

Fiat, Faith, and the Fall

Since the end of the gold standard in 1971, global money has been based not on truth, but on trust.
Fiat currencies like the dollar or euro depend on faith in central banks, governments, and systems of power.

That faith is eroding.
Between 2020 and 2024, central banks created over $20 trillion in new money worldwide — inflating markets, devaluing savings, and widening inequality.

Inflation isn’t just an economic phenomenon — it’s a moral one.
When value can be printed at will, accountability disappears.
Bitcoin’s deflationary design restores that accountability — a covenant between man, mathematics, and truth.

Explore: Global Impact of MiCA

The Modern Parable: Transparency Over Trust

Bitcoin doesn’t ask for faith.
It provides proof — cryptographic, open, and incorruptible.

That’s why many early adopters likened it to a “digital covenant”:

– No hierarchy: Every participant verifies truth directly.
– No deception: The code is transparent and open-source.
– No intermediaries: Power is distributed, not granted.

Where traditional systems say “Trust us”, Bitcoin says “Verify it yourself.”

In biblical language, it’s the difference between priests interpreting truth and every believer reading the scripture themselves.
Bitcoin is financial self-sovereignty — a Reformation written in code.

Learn more: DeFi and MiCA Regulation

The Numbers: Why the Message Still Resonates

Bitcoin’s “moral message” isn’t abstract — it’s supported by economic fact.

In 2025:

– Bitcoin’s hashrate (network security) is over 650 exahashes per second, making it the world’s most powerful computing network.
– Over 200 million Bitcoin wallets now exist worldwide.
– Institutional assets under management (AUM) in Bitcoin ETFs exceed $65 billion.
– Global inflation rates average 4.8%, while Bitcoin’s issuance rate is below 0.9%.

The contrast is clear: Bitcoin is disciplined by design, while fiat systems remain vulnerable to human error and political manipulation.

See: Bitcoin Market Dynamics

DNA Crypto: Building on the Genesis Block

At DNA Crypto, we see Bitcoin not as a religion — but as a restoration of integrity in finance.
Our mission is to connect Satoshi’s founding principles with a regulated, transparent, institutional infrastructure.

We provide:

– Regulated Bitcoin brokerage and custody under EU and MiCA frameworks
– Institutional onboarding for funds and family offices
– Tokenised asset management built on Bitcoin’s security standards
– Education and compliance advisory to align digital finance with moral transparency

Just as the whitepaper was Bitcoin’s scripture, regulated blockchain systems are its modern temples — transparent, inclusive, incorruptible.

Learn more: Crypto Custody Solutions

The Bottom Line

Whether viewed as code, currency, or covenant, Bitcoin represents a return to truth.
It rejects manipulation, rewards honesty, and restores balance between value and effort.

In an age of synthetic wealth, Bitcoin stands as a moral and mathematical standard — a system where proof replaces faith, and truth cannot be printed.

As Satoshi wrote in 2009:

“We can win a major battle in the arms race and gain a new territory of freedom.”

At DNA Crypto, that territory is financial integrity — and the revolution has only just begun.

Image: Adobe Stock

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal, tax, or investment advice.

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Bitcoin at 17: From Whitepaper to World Reserve Candidate

October, 2025

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“On October 31, 2008, a nine-page PDF changed money forever.” – DNA Crypto Knowledge Base.

Seventeen years ago, on October 31, 2008, an anonymous cryptographer known as Satoshi Nakamoto published a paper titled “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System.”

What began as a small rebellion against centralised banking has evolved into the cornerstone of the global digital asset economy.
Today, Bitcoin is discussed not just in developer forums — but in central banks, boardrooms, and parliaments.

As Bitcoin turns 17, the question isn’t whether it’s here to stay.
It’s how far it will go.

Learn more: What Is Bitcoin and Why It Matters

From Whitepaper to World Stage

When the whitepaper was emailed to a tiny cryptography mailing list, few noticed.
It was the height of the 2008 financial crisis — trust in banks was collapsing, and a new idea was taking root:
A financial system without intermediaries.

Satoshi’s document outlined three key ideas:

1.Decentralised trust through blockchain consensus

2.Fixed monetary supply (21 million BTC)

3.Peer-to-peer transaction freedom without banks

Seventeen years later, that foundation has become the blueprint for sovereign digital money — inspiring the creation of Ethereum, Stablecoins, CBDCs, and even tokenised treasuries.

Explore: Institutional Bitcoin Adoption

The Institutional Era of Bitcoin

What started as a Cypherpunk experiment is now an institutional-grade asset class.
In 2025, Bitcoin is held by:

– Corporate treasuries as a hedge against inflation

– ETFs and funds managed by Wall Street giants like BlackRock and Fidelity

– Central banks exploring Bitcoin reserves as part of de-dollarisation strategies

For institutions, Bitcoin’s transparency, scarcity, and auditability now matter as much as its technology.

“Bitcoin has moved from the whitepaper to white-collar portfolios.” – DNA Crypto Knowledge Base.

See: Crypto Custody Solutions

Bitcoin in Europe: Regulation Meets Innovation

Europe has become a leading region for regulated Bitcoin adoption, thanks to the Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) framework.
MiCA provides legal clarity for custody, taxation, and institutional trading — enabling companies like DNA Crypto to integrate Bitcoin within transparent, compliant systems.

Through MiCA, Bitcoin is no longer a grey-market asset — it’s an auditable, reportable, and investable digital commodity.

Explore: MiCA and Investor Protections

DNA Crypto: Carrying the Whitepaper Vision Forward

At DNA Crypto, we see Satoshi’s whitepaper not as a relic — but as a roadmap.
Our mission is to bring Bitcoin’s principles of sovereignty and transparency into regulated institutional finance.

We offer:

– Regulated Bitcoin brokerage and custody under EU VASP standards
– Institutional trading access across Europe and Asia
– Cross-border liquidity services for Bitcoin and tokenised assets
– Education and advisory for corporate digital asset strategies

Seventeen years on, Bitcoin’s whitepaper isn’t just history — it’s the foundation of a new wealth standard.

Learn more: Global Impact of MiCA

The Bottom Line

From a 9-page PDF in 2008 to a $1.5 trillion global network in 2025, Bitcoin’s story is one of transformation — not speculation.
It began with an idea: that trust could be replaced by transparency and that control could be replaced by code.

Seventeen years later, that idea powers a global financial revolution — and DNA Crypto stands proudly among those bringing it into the regulated world.

Happy Birthday, Bitcoin.
Your revolution is just beginning.

Image Source: Envato Stock
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal, tax, or investment advice.

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What Is a Milli-Satoshi? The Smallest Unit in Bitcoin’s Digital Economy

October, 2025

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“Precision isn’t a limitation — it’s the foundation of trustless finance.” – DNA Crypto Knowledge Base.

Bitcoin’s evolution has always been defined by precision — from its 21 million coin limit to its eight decimal places of divisibility.
But with the rise of the Lightning Network and the global expansion of microtransactions, Bitcoin has introduced something even smaller: the milli-satoshi (msat).

In 2025, milli-satoshis power streaming payments, decentralised apps (dApps), and real-time settlement across the Bitcoin economy. They represent the frontier where technology, finance, and mathematics intersect to redefine value transfer.

Learn more: Bitcoin Market Dynamics

Breaking Down Bitcoin’s Units

To understand milli-satoshis, we need to revisit Bitcoin’s unit structure:

– 1 Bitcoin (BTC) = 100,000,000 satoshis (sats)
– 1 satoshi (sat) = 0.00000001 BTC
– 1 milli-satoshi (msat) = 0.001 satoshi = 1/1000 of a satoshi

That means:
1 Bitcoin = 100 billion milli-satoshis (100,000,000,000 msats)

These sub-divisions enable Bitcoin to handle microscopic financial interactions, essential for next-generation use cases like AI-driven payments, IoT microtransactions, and real-time data streaming.

Explore: Institutional Bitcoin Adoption

Why the Milli-Satoshi Exists

The base Bitcoin blockchain can only handle divisions down to 1 satoshi.
But on the Lightning Network, Bitcoin transactions are handled off-chain, allowing greater flexibility.

A milli-satoshi is a virtual sub-unit used in Lightning’s internal accounting system — enabling more accurate routing, payment splitting, and liquidity balancing.

In simple terms:
Milli-satoshis make micro-payments and payment channels smoother, faster, and cheaper — unlocking use cases impossible on the main Bitcoin chain.

See: Crypto Custody Solutions

Real-World Applications of Milli-Satoshis

Streaming Money:
Platforms like Wavlake, Zebedee, and Fountain use Lightning microtransactions to pay content creators in real-time — often sending fractions of a satoshi per second.
Machine-to-Machine Payments:
IoT networks now exchange small payments for data access, computing power, or bandwidth, all powered by milli-satoshis.
AI Integration:
Lightning APIs enable AI models to charge for responses, energy usage, or data queries — priced dynamically at the milli-satoshi level.
Global Micropayments:
In emerging markets, milli-satoshis make it feasible to transact in amounts below €0.001 — breaking the final barrier of inclusion.

Read: Global Impact of MiCA

Milli-Satoshis and the Lightning Network

The Lightning Network uses milli-satoshis internally to ensure precise routing and fee management.
Each payment channel maintains its own balance in msats, which allows:

– Granular fee adjustments for network reliability
– Exact value forwarding between nodes
– Improved settlement accuracy across multi-hop transactions

This level of precision has made the Lightning Network one of the most efficient payment systems in the world, capable of processing millions of microtransactions per second with negligible cost.

Explore: DeFi and MiCA Regulation

DNA Crypto: Supporting Bitcoin’s Micro-Liquidity Future

At DNA Crypto, scalability and precision go hand in hand.
As a VASP-licensed brokerage, DNA integrates Bitcoin and Lightning capabilities into its MiCA-compliant trading and custody frameworks, supporting:

– Institutional-grade Lightning settlement
– Automated micro-liquidity channels for clients and platforms
– Cross-border micropayment infrastructure for regulated markets

Milli-satoshis represent more than decimal points — they are the atomic units of tomorrow’s programmable money.

Learn more: Institutional Tokenisation

The Bottom Line

The milli-satoshi is proof that Bitcoin’s evolution is far from complete.
As the Lightning Network continues to scale globally, sub-satoshi precision ensures Bitcoin remains not just a store of value — but a platform for real-time digital commerce.

Milli-satoshis may be small, but they power the most considerable shift in monetary efficiency since Bitcoin’s creation.

Image Source: Envato Stock

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal, tax, or investment advice.

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Bitcoin’s Key Numbers 2025: The Data Behind the World’s Digital Reserve Asset

October, 2025

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“Numbers don’t predict Bitcoin — they reveal its logic.” – DNA Crypto Knowledge Base.

As Bitcoin continues its post-halving cycle in 2025, the world’s first decentralised digital asset is once again proving why it remains the benchmark for trustless, programmable money.
Every new cycle brings noise — but Bitcoin’s fundamentals remain anchored in mathematics, scarcity, and adoption.

Below are the key numbers defining Bitcoin’s 2025 market landscape — and what they tell us about where the asset may be heading next.

Learn more: Institutional Bitcoin Adoption

1. 21 Million – The Immutable Supply Cap

Bitcoin’s maximum supply of 21 million coins will never change.
As of April 2025, over 19.68 million BTC (about 93.7%) have been mined. That leaves fewer than 1.32 million BTC yet to enter circulation — a pace that will continue to slow every four years through the halving cycle.

This scarcity is what makes Bitcoin antifragile — the harder it is to obtain, the stronger its demand becomes.

Explore: Bitcoin Market Dynamics

2. 2024 Halving – Supply Cut, Demand Surge

The fourth Bitcoin halving, completed in April 2024, reduced block rewards from 6.25 BTC to 3.125 BTC.
This event halved the rate of new supply, creating a structural imbalance between shrinking issuance and rising institutional demand through spot ETFs.

Historically, Bitcoin has seen its strongest price performance 12–18 months after halving, setting the stage for a potential new all-time high by late 2025 or early 2026.

Read: Global Impact of MiCA

3. 1 Million+ – Daily Active Wallets

The number of active Bitcoin wallets now exceeds 1 million per day, the highest since 2021.
Growth is being driven by:

Institutional participants using custodial cold wallets
Retail users adopting Layer-2 payment solutions
Stablecoin interoperability via cross-chain bridges

Bitcoin’s network activity reflects real economic use, not speculation.

See: Crypto Custody Solutions

4. €92,000 – Current Trading Range (Q2 2025)

As of May 2025, Bitcoin is trading between €78,000 and €92,000, consolidating after strong Q1 ETF-driven gains.
Despite volatility, Bitcoin has outperformed gold, equities, and most fiat currencies in the post-halving period — reinforcing its position as a macro hedge and liquidity reserve.

Institutions remain net buyers, signalling long-term conviction in its store-of-value thesis.

More: MiCA and Investor Protections

5. $60 Billion – ETF Holdings (as of April 2025)

Spot Bitcoin ETFs have accumulated over $60 billion in holdings since their launch.
This shift marks a new era of regulated institutional access to Bitcoin, with ETF inflows now serving as a key market indicator — similar to the transformation of gold after the introduction of the first US gold ETFs in 2004.

ETF accumulation also smooths volatility by introducing structured, compliant liquidity into the market.

Learn more: MiCA Licensing Explained

6. 18,000+ – Global Bitcoin Nodes

Bitcoin remains the most decentralised financial network ever built, with over 18,000 nodes active worldwide.
Each node enforces the consensus rules independently — verifying every transaction, every block, and every wallet.

This decentralisation is Bitcoin’s core defence against censorship and centralisation — the principle that keeps it borderless and incorruptible.

Explore: DeFi and MiCA Regulation

7. €1.6 Trillion – Market Capitalisation

As of Q2 2025, Bitcoin’s market cap has surpassed €1.6 trillion, making it the 10th-largest asset globally — ahead of Meta and just behind silver.
This ranking reinforces Bitcoin’s transformation from a speculative technology to a global monetary network, recognised by investors, institutions, and even governments.

Read: Institutional Tokenisation

The Bottom Line

Bitcoin’s story continues to be written in numbers — scarcity, decentralisation, adoption, and resilience.
While markets fluctuate, the math behind Bitcoin remains unchanged: fixed supply, rising demand, and transparent governance.

The longer institutions hold, the more those numbers begin to resemble not just market data, but monetary law.

Image Source: Adobe Stock
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal, tax, or investment advice.

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From Rai Stones to Bitcoin: The Evolution of Money and Trust

October, 2025

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“Every era redefines money. Blockchain made it borderless, transparent, and programmable.” – DNA Crypto Knowledge Base.

From giant limestone discs on the island of Yap to cryptographic digital coins traded globally, the story of money is really the story of trust.
Every innovation in finance — from metal coins to banknotes to Bitcoin — reflects society’s ongoing search for reliability, transparency, and control.

Learn more: History of Digital Money

From Stones to Systems: The Birth of Value

The Rai stones of Yap, carved from limestone and too heavy to move, served as one of the earliest known monetary systems.
Ownership wasn’t about possession — it was about social consensus. Everyone in the community knew who owned which stone, even if it never left its place.

Sound familiar?
That’s because Bitcoin works similarly — a shared ledger tracks ownership without requiring physical transfer.

Explore: Blockchain and the Evolution of Trust

The Rise of Paper, Banks, and Centralisation

Over time, money evolved for scale.

– Gold coins gave way to banknotes — promises printed by institutions.
– Central banks emerged to standardise value, regulate money supply, and manage credit systems.

But this centralisation introduced a new issue: control and inflation.
Governments could print more money, altering value and eroding purchasing power.

By the early 21st century, faith in financial systems was strained — setting the stage for Bitcoin.

Read: What is Bitcoin and Why It Matters

Bitcoin: Digital Scarcity and Decentralised Trust

In 2009, Satoshi Nakamoto introduced Bitcoin — a system of money without intermediaries.
Like the Rai stones, Bitcoin’s ownership is public and immutable. But unlike them, it’s also borderless, divisible, and cryptographically secure.

Bitcoin solved what no government could:
Trust through mathematics
Scarcity through code
Security through decentralisation

Today, over $1 trillion in value is secured on the Bitcoin network, representing a shift from institutional trust to algorithmic trust.

See: Institutional Bitcoin Adoption

From Bitcoin to the Blockchain Economy

Bitcoin was just the beginning.
Its success gave rise to blockchain technology — now used to build decentralised finance (DeFi), smart contracts, and tokenised real-world assets (RWAs).

DNA Crypto believes this is the natural evolution of money:

Physical → Digital → Decentralised → Programmable

It’s not just about storing value anymore. It’s about enabling autonomous, transparent, and borderless systems of exchange.

Explore: RWA Tokenisation Trends

The Bottom Line

From Rai stones to Bitcoin, money has always been a reflection of what we trust.
What began as community consensus has evolved into cryptographic consensus.

Blockchain isn’t the end of money’s story — it’s the next chapter in humanity’s search for secure value exchange.

DNA Crypto continues to help clients navigate this transformation — connecting trust, innovation, and digital infrastructure for the future of finance.

Image Source: Adobe Stock
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal, tax, or investment advice.

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Sovereign Bitcoin Adoption: Where It Stands in 2025

May, 2025

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“Sovereign adoption of Bitcoin is driven by necessity, not ideology.” — DNA Crypto.

With Bitcoin becoming a legitimate financial instrument, the debate has shifted from whether countries should embrace it to how and when they should do so. As sovereign wealth funds enter the crypto market, Spot ETFs provide direct exposure, and geopolitical uncertainty is prompting nations to hedge against it. Perhaps we are witnessing the beginning of a global sovereign Bitcoin accumulation period.

From El Salvador’s novel leap forward to the speculative whispers in Argentina and now to institutional interest in the United States, the Middle East, and Europe, the geography is changing quickly. So what does all that mean for investors, and which country could be next?

El Salvador: Still the Frontline of Sovereign Bitcoin Adoption

In 2021, El Salvador became the first nation to adopt Bitcoin as legal tender. Fast-forward to 2025 — the Central American country is no longer an outlier but a pioneer, and its early bet already seems prescient. Although global financial institutions have been sceptical, El Salvador has been adamant- regularly buying BTC, mining using geothermal and issuing “Bitcoin Bonds” to finance national projects.

“Bitcoin is good for the country, good for progress, and good for innovation.”
— Nayib Bukele, President of El Salvador (2024)

Although the country’s treasury strategy is akin to a Bitcoin-focused reserve, its informal sovereign-wealth management approach contrasts with traditional fund management. With BTC prices surging at the end of 2024 and the beginning of 2025, El Salvador now finds itself in a favourable position on its crypto holdings, validating its decision to invest in a decentralised asset amid international financial turmoil.

The Rise of Sovereign Wealth Funds in Crypto

The actual game changer in 2025 is the participation of sovereign wealth funds (SWFs). Traditionally, long-term holders of stocks, real estate, and bonds, such as SWFs, are experimenting with Bitcoin.

The US sent ripples in the crypto industry in February 2025 when it unveiled its first national sovereign wealth fund and a strategic Bitcoin reserve. Although this fund will not be operational until late 2025/early 2026, the political signal is clear: Bitcoin is now viewed as a national strategic asset.

“Bitcoin has matured into a globally recognised store of value. It would be imprudent for national reserves to ignore it.”
— U.S. Senate Committee on Banking (Feb 2025 report)

Bhutan was an early adopter—it has quietly accumulated over 10,000 BTC, or approximately €1 billion, through its sovereign Druk Holding and Investments.

“We see Bitcoin as a long-term strategic asset aligned with our national interests and economic innovation.”
— Druk Holding and Investments (Official Statement, 2024)

Abu Dhabi’s Mubadala Investment Co. has also made headlines with large-scale ETF investments in Bitcoin, and Wisconsin’s public fund has followed suit.

“Our move into Bitcoin ETFs reflects the importance of digital assets in a modern investment portfolio.”
— Scott Goodwin, Chief Investment Officer, Wisconsin Investment Board (2025)

The steadily growing list of institutional adopters, boosted by the accessibility of spot Bitcoin ETFs, gives Bitcoin legitimacy that only institutional capital could grant.

Argentina: The Next Mover

All eyes are on Argentina. The country’s persistent inflation, peso devaluation, and political uncertainties are significant factors that make it a favourable environment for Bitcoin investment. Though Argentina hasn’t officially adopted BTC at the sovereign level, President Javier Milei has openly supported decentralised money.

“Central banks are a scam; I believe in Bitcoin and freedom.”
— Javier Milei, President of Argentina (2023 campaign)

Grassroots adoption of Bitcoin in Argentina is already widespread, with citizens using Stablecoins and BTC to safeguard their wealth. The transition from retail purchasing to state-level accumulation may not be far off, particularly as Bitcoin is increasingly framed as a geopolitical hedge.

Why Sovereign Adoption Matters Now

The timing is no accident. 2025 is a breakout year for sovereign Bitcoin adoption as several actors are converging to make it a reality:

– Macroeconomic instability: Rising inflation, debt crises, and distrust in fiat systems push nations to diversify.

– Institutional infrastructure: The launch of US Bitcoin Spot ETFs in 2024 unlocked a secure and regulated way for SWFs to gain exposure.

– Bitcoin’s scarcity and halving: The 2024 halving will tone down new BTC issuance, tightening supply and causing a race to accumulate.

– Technological evolution: Tools like the Lightning Network and custody measures make Bitcoin more viable for state actors.

– Decentralisation as a geopolitical hedge: Bitcoin’s neutrality and resistance to censorship appeal to countries looking to escape the influence of traditional powers.

“The halving is not just a technical event—it is a geopolitical accelerant.” — Lyn Alden, Macro Economist (2025)

Implications for Investors

The effects are widespread for individual and institutional investors. As more countries adopt Bitcoin as a reserve asset, directly or through sovereign funds, this may trigger a supply shock and drive prices into an even greater upward spiral. Bitcoin supply is capped at 21 million coins; thus, sovereign adoption comes with a competitive element: the earlier the entry, the larger the possible positive outcome.

Furthermore, Bitcoin’s ability as a macro hedge is harder to deny. When fiat currencies are printed in response to a financial crisis, Bitcoin’s scarcity and decentralised nature become increasingly alluring not to geeks but to governments and central banks.

Geopolitical Arms Race for Bitcoin

2025 is no longer hypothetical regarding sovereign Bitcoin adoption. It’s here—and expanding. El Salvador sparked, Bhutan followed quaintly, and now the US is in the ring, along with Abu Dhabi and possibly Argentina.

“The digital gold rush has begun. Governments that wait too long may be priced out.”
— Fidelity Digital Assets Research (Q1 2025 Report)

The question isn’t if more countries will join. It’s when, and who can afford not to? While nations fight for a share of Bitcoin’s fixed pie, investors must keep a keen eye on the arms race. The next sovereign step may be minutes away – and the market is already responding.

In Europe, the message is clear: Bitcoin is no longer fringe. It’s sovereign.

Image Source: Adobe Stock
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal, tax or investment advice.
Register today at DNACrypto.co.

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The Power of Bitcoin for Personal Financial Freedom

April, 2025

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Amidst rising inflation, unstable monetary policy, and economic uncertainty across Europe, more people are asking: Where can I store my money safely?

No, it’s not a magic solution—and yes, it has its ups and downs—but in the long run, Bitcoin offers a unique form of financial independence, as no government controls it. Also, it can’t be inflated at will, giving you more control over your money.

Why Inflation Is Everyone’s Problem

Inflation isn’t just about rising prices; it’s about your money gradually losing value.

– Savings lose value: If inflation is 5%, your bank gives you 2%, which means you’re losing 3% every year just by holding cash.

– Central banks print more money: In recent years, we’ve seen a surge in money supply in the eurozone and globally. Significantly, this can fuel inflation and reduce the value of what you already have.

– The working class are the most hit: If your income goes to rent, food, and transport, inflation catches up with you faster than someone with wealth stored in assets.

Traditionally, people turned to gold or property to preserve value; Bitcoin is changing today’s narrative.

“Despite tightening measures, inflation in the euro area remains above target at 3.4%—with core inflation still sticky due to rising service sector costs.” — Christine Lagarde, ECB President, March 2025

What Makes Bitcoin Different?

Bitcoin is a digital currency, unlike anything that came before it. There’s no central authority, and no government can “print” more of it. Again, the rules are written into the code and are known to everyone.

Key traits:

– Decentralised: No one controls Bitcoin—not a government, not a company.

– Limited supply: Only 21 million bitcoins will ever exist.

– Transparent: All transactions are public and recorded on a Blockchain. No hidden activity or backroom deals.

As a result, Bitcoin is often likened to gold, hence the phrase “digital gold.”

How Bitcoin Can Give You More Control

Here’s how Bitcoin can be valuable beyond just speculation:

1. Protection from Inflation

– Bitcoin’s capped supply makes it fundamentally deflationary.

– It’s increasingly seen as a hedge, like gold, but easier to store and send.

2. Self-Custody and Freedom

– Store it in your wallet, i.e., no banks required.

– Transfer it globally without intermediaries or high fees.

– Access your funds 24/7. No waiting for long hours for approvals.

3. Low Barrier to Entry

– You don’t need to buy a whole Bitcoin. You can even start with €5 or €10.

– No wealth declaration requirements. You are good to go as long as you have a phone and internet.

– It is ideal for underserved people or folks fed up with traditional banking systems.

What About the Risk?

Bitcoin isn’t perfect. It’s volatile, but here’s how to approach it like a pro:

– Diversify: Don’t go all-in; Bitcoin can be part of a broader financial plan.

– Think long-term: Day-to-day swings matter less if your horizon is years.

– Use ECA, which stands for ‘euro-cost averaging.’ Invest small, regular amounts. This method smooths out the ups and downs.

Stay informed: Know what you’re buying, understand how it works and indulge with knowledge and confidence.

Real-World Examples

In Argentina and Venezuela, Bitcoin is their lifeline. Local currency collapses drive people to use Bitcoin, which enables them to protect their savings and seamlessly execute cross-border money transfers.

“Crypto usage in high-inflation economies like Turkey, Nigeria, and Argentina continues to rise, with Bitcoin often functioning as a daily store of value.” — Chainalysis, 2025 Global Adoption Index.

“Over the past five years, 17 currencies have lost more than 50% of their value against the US dollar.” — IMF Financial Stability Report, Q4 2024

Traditional banking systems in Europe are becoming more restrictive and costly, which makes Bitcoin an appealing, global, open alternative for users.

“Retail banking fees in the eurozone have increased 18% year-over-year, driven by higher regulatory compliance costs and interest rate volatility.” — Bank for International Settlements, EU Banking Report 2024

Getting Started with Bitcoin

Interested but not sure where to begin?

Learn first – Don’t just follow influencers.
Pick a reputable exchange – Stick to regulated platforms in the EU.
Start small – Buy a little to get a feel for it.
Move it to your wallet – Store it outside the exchange if you want complete control.
Secure it – Use 2fa hardware wallets, and never share your private keys.

If that is not enough or you have questions, please get in touch with us and speak to an expert.

Final Thought

Bitcoin empowers users by restoring their financial independence. It provides a financial option in a world dominated by central banks and political and economic decisions that often do not benefit the masses.

Now get this: it won’t solve everything, but anyone in Europe who desires long-term financial security, a hedge against uncertainty, and enhanced control over their money should consider Bitcoin.

Bitcoin operates continuously without scheduled closures and differs from traditional bank institutions.

And unlike banks, Bitcoin doesn’t close on Fridays.

Image Source: Adobe Stock

Disclaimer: This article is purely for informational purposes. It is not offered or intended to be used for legal, tax, investment or financial advice.

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Bitcoin in a Tariff-Tangled World: A Neutral Asset for Uncertain Times

April, 2025

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When If countries start imposing tariffs on each other, markets get jittery. Global trade flows twist, fiat currencies do a little nervous dance, and investors start asking that age-old question: Where’s safe?

Traditionally, the answer might have been gold, government bonds, or a strong, stable currency like the US dollar. But in an increasingly unpredictable, tariff-happy world, a new contender is quietly sliding into the ring — one that doesn’t belong to any nation, isn’t tied to any economy, and never needs a passport: Bitcoin.

Tariffs, Tantrums and Tumbling Trust

Tariffs are essentially taxes on imports. Sometimes, they’re about safeguarding local jobs; other times, they’re just geopolitics flexing its muscles. But like most economic tools wielded under pressure, tariffs tend to come with unintended consequences.

Slap tariffs on another country’s goods, and they’re likely to retaliate. Before you know it, prices are rising, supply chains are tangling, and everyone’s central bank is stress-baking spreadsheets.

“The U.S. is considering new tariffs on Chinese electric vehicles and batteries, raising fresh concerns over a resurgence in trade tensions.”
— Reuters, April 2024

Fiat currencies can feel the heat fast because they are deeply tied to their respective national economies. Especially in emerging markets, currency volatility often follows trade tensions like a moody shadow.

“Emerging market currencies have experienced their worst quarter since the pandemic, largely due to fears around global tariffs and slowing trade.”
— Bloomberg, Q1 2024

This environment is like trying to play chess during an earthquake for investors. It’s no wonder they start looking beyond borders.

Bitcoin: The Stateless Safe Haven?

Bitcoin doesn’t care about your tariffs. Or your inflation. Or your three-hour-long trade negotiations. It runs on its network, unaffected by geopolitical drama — a feature, not a bug.

This neutrality makes Bitcoin appealing in a world where traditional financial systems feel the strain of nationalist policies. Bitcoin isn’t pegged to any government. It doesn’t rely on central bank decisions. And its supply is famously capped, meaning it can’t be inflated on a whim.

“We’re seeing more institutional interest in Bitcoin as a macro hedge — not instead of gold, but alongside it.”
— Rick Rieder, CIO, BlackRock, January 2024

In other words, while the moods of their mother countries drag fiat currencies along, Bitcoin just keeps humming along in the background: decentralised, transparent, and blissfully indifferent.

Bitcoin in the Real World

This isn’t just crypto daydreaming. We’ve already seen hints of Bitcoin playing the safe-haven role in the wild.

The 2019 trade wars between the US and China led to Bitcoin’s price movements and echoed tensions in the Yuan and US dollar, suggesting that investors were at least toying with the idea of Bitcoin as a hedge.

More recently, with tariff threats re-emerging and uncertainty swirling around global supply chains, Bitcoin’s narrative as “digital gold” is gaining traction again.

“Bitcoin surged past $70,000 in March 2024 amid rising geopolitical tensions and renewed interest in non-sovereign stores of value.”
— CoinDesk, March 2024

“In times of economic or political stress, Bitcoin often behaves more like digital gold than a tech stock.”
— JPMorgan Global Markets Strategy Note, February 2024

Unlike gold, though, it’s easier to store, move, and verify, which, in a digitised world, is more than just a bonus.

The Caveats

Now, let’s not get carried away. Bitcoin is still volatile. It’s also not universally adopted nor fully understood by most investors.

And unlike traditional hedges, Bitcoin’s correlation to major market moves isn’t always consistent. Sometimes, it behaves like a risk asset; sometimes like a haven; and occasionally, like a sleepy cat who does what it wants, when it wants.

Still, in a landscape shaped by tariffs and shifting alliances, having a tool outside the usual systems is worth considering. Especially one that’s proven it can operate and thrive on its terms.

“Tariffs and protectionist policies are leading companies to rethink global supply chains, a trend that’s driving capital into decentralized and digital assets.”
— The Economist, April 2024

As governments joust with trade policies and fiat currencies sway in the breeze of uncertainty, Bitcoin is quietly making its case.

It’s not perfect—it’s not even fully mature—but it is neutral, borderless, and resistant to the whims of any single economy. And in today’s tangled global web, that’s starting to look less like a novelty and more like a necessity.

Image Source: Adobe Stock

Disclaimer: This article is purely for informational purposes. It is not offered or intended to be used for legal, tax, investment or financial advice.

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